Turkmenistan vs Portugal
Tax Rate Comparison
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๐ฐ Personal Income Tax Calculator
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๐น๐ฒ Turkmenistan โ Velayat & Etrap Administrations
Turkmenistan's 5 velayats (provinces) and Ashgabat city have highly centralized administration under an authoritarian state. Turkmenistan has among the world's largest natural gas reserves, exporting most to China. The economy is heavily state-controlled with limited private sector. Citizens historically received free gas, electricity, water, and subsidized food (subsidies now being reformed). International transparency is very limited, making reliable tax data difficult to obtain from this closed state.
๐ต๐น Portugal โ Municipal & Regional Taxes
Portugal's 18 districts and 308 municipalities levy a municipal IRS surcharge (Derrama Municipal) of up to 1.5% of taxable income on residents. Municipalities also apply the Derrama Municipal on corporate profits (up to 1.5%). Madeira and Azores autonomous regions have their own lower tax regimes: Madeira has a 14.7% corporate rate in the MIBC (international business centre). Real estate transfer taxes (IMT) are municipal. The NHR (Non-Habitual Resident) regime attracted many foreigners until 2024 when it was replaced by IFICI.
Turkmenistan vs Portugal: Key Tax Differences (2026)
๐ฐ Income Tax: ๐ต๐น Portugal has a higher top income tax rate (10% vs 13.25โ48%). ๐น๐ฒ Turkmenistan is more favourable for high earners.
๐ VAT/Sales Tax: Portugal has a higher consumption tax (15% vs 6โ23%).
๐ข Corporate Tax: ๐ต๐น Portugal offers a lower corporate rate (19% vs 20%), which can influence business location decisions.
๐ Capital Gains: ๐น๐ฒ Turkmenistan taxes investment gains at a lower rate (10% vs 28%), benefiting investors.