Rwanda vs Madagascar
Tax Rate Comparison
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🇷🇼 Rwanda — District & Local Government Taxes
Rwanda's 30 districts (akarere) each have local tax collection powers. The Rwanda Revenue Authority (RRA) administers national taxes with high efficiency — Rwanda is consistently ranked highly for tax administration in Africa. Local taxes include market fees, business development taxes, and immovable property taxes. Districts receive grants and shared revenues from the national government. Rwanda has pursued aggressive economic development and tax reform as part of Vision 2050. E-invoicing (EBM machines) is mandatory for VAT-registered businesses.
🇲🇬 Madagascar — Region & Commune Taxes
Madagascar's 6 provinces, 22 regions, and 1,695 communes levy Taxe Foncière sur les Terrains (TFT), Taxe Foncière sur les Propriétés Bâties (TFPB), and Taxe Professionnelle (TP — business licence). The Direction Générale des Impôts (DGI) administers national taxes. Madagascar is highly dependent on vanilla (world's largest producer), cloves, seafood exports, and mining (ilmenite, cobalt via Ambatovy). It's among the world's poorest countries. Cyclones regularly disrupt the economy and infrastructure.
Rwanda vs Madagascar: Key Tax Differences (2026)
💰 Income Tax: 🇷🇼 Rwanda has a higher top income tax rate (0–30% vs 0–20%). 🇲🇬 Madagascar is more favourable for high earners.
🛒 VAT/Sales Tax: Madagascar has a higher consumption tax (18% vs 20%).
🏢 Corporate Tax: 🇲🇬 Madagascar offers a lower corporate rate (20% vs 30%), which can influence business location decisions.
📈 Capital Gains: 🇲🇬 Madagascar taxes investment gains at a lower rate (20% vs 30%), benefiting investors.